DOI 10.37749/2308-9636-2021-8(224)-5

Sharkova I. M. Good Faith Interpretation (Interpretatio ex Bona Fide) under the legislations of the EU Member States: Comparative Analysis.

The article reviews the acts of civil law of continental European countries, in which the norms governing the process of statutory and contractual interpretation are enshrined. Civil codes, valid in France and Italy (Romance Legal Family), as well as in Germany and Austria (Germanic Legal Family), were selected for analysis.

According to the results of the study, the following trends are revealed: for the interpretation of legislative acts, a method of textualism is mostly realized, and for interpretation of contracts — the principle of honest. «Daughter» Legal Doctrines (Italian and Austrian) adhere to a more formalized approach and mainly use special (casual) norms.

The current Civil Code of Ukraine (CCU) does not contain a legal definition of the general concept of interpretation, but only provides for the interpretation of the «contents of a transaction» (Article 213 CCU), «agreement provisions» (Article 637 CCU), «wills» (Article 1256 CCU). Thus, the Art. 213 CCU aimed at legalizing the principle of textual (literal) interpretation. It is nessesary to provide changes in the official legal structure of the priority of the literal interpretation, enshrined in this norm. The rule of good faith interpretation must be constructed, as it is generally recognized in European countries.

Key words: civil law, comparative analysis, good faith interpretation, Interpretatio ex Bona Fide, literal interpretation.

References

  1. Gaydulin O. O. Europeanization of contract law: a monograph. Kyiv: KNEU, 2012. 238 p. [in Ukr.].
  2. Gaydulin O. O. European contract law (general part): a course of lectures. Kyiv: KNEU, 2008. 277 p. [in Ukr.].
  3. Code civil.Dernière modification: 01/01/2020/Edition: 01/02/2020..droit.org. L’Institut Français d’Information Juridique. URL: http://codes.droit.org/.
  4. Il Codice Civile Italiano. Regio Decreto 16 marzo 1942–XX, n. 262. Edizione 2020 ..Studio Cataldiil diritto quotidiano. Notizie giuridiche e guide legali. URL: https://www.studiocataldi.it/codicecivile/.
  5. Spiegazione dell’art. 1366 Codice civile..Brocardi.it 2003–2020. Concept Avv. Manuel Tropea. URL: https://www.brocardi.it/codice–civile/libro–quarto/titolo–ii/capo–iv/art1366.html?q=1366+cc&area=codici.
  6. Código Civil de España. Real Decreto de 24 de julio de 1889 por el que se publica el Código Civil..» Gaceta de Madrid» núm. 206, de 25/07/1889. Texto Consolidado Última modificación: 4 de agosto de 2018. URL: https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE–A–1889–4763.
  7. Gesetz zur Regelung des Rechts der Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen
    (AGB — Gesetz) Vom 9.12. 1976. http: /dejure.org/gesetze/AGBG.
  8. Gaydulin O. O. Law of interpretation (ius interpretatio): methodological frameworks of the civilistic theory: monograph: in 2 volumes. Kyiv: The Academician F. H. Burchak Scientific-Research Institute of Private Law and Entrepreneurship of National Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine, 2020. Vol. 1. 453 p. [in Ukr.].
  9. Bundesrecht konsolidiert: Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, Fassung vom 01.02.2020. URL: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe? Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10001622.